Collectors > Collector's Newsletter > Volume 5 Number 4 - Archive


VOLUME 5, NUMBER 4
October - December 2006
 
IN THIS ISSUE
Feature:  Introducing the InFlight 500 Fleet
Feature Story:  Aviation Safety and the FAA Story - Part 1
Name Game:  Test Yourself - Can You Recognize It?
Aviation History:  The Aviator's Sonnet
Model Arrivals Update:  Second Quarter 2006 New Arrivals
About Our Models:  More About Sky Guardians Die-cast Models
Top Ten Models: Our Ten Most Popular Models for Third Quarter 2006


 


Introducing the Inflight 500 Fleet

Flight Miniatures is pleased to announce a new product line—Inflight 500 models. This is also a brand new product line for InFlight Models, Ltd. Like the InFlight 200 models, this new product line is also die-cast metal, but in the 1:500 scale. The first four models that will start the new fleet are already available at our Flight Miniatures web store.

Why 1:500 scale metal die-cast models?

The smaller size of the models and the new different scale make them desirable and consequently highly collectible. Apart from the high quality of the finish and details, for which InFlight models are already well known, the very affordable Inflight 500 models are easy on your wallet.

We have heard on many occasions from our customers that collectors would be interested in high quality 1:500 scale models if they were more readily available. We believe Inflight 500 quality far exceeds that of other 1:500 scale models. Note also that the Inflight 500 models available at this time are fully licensed by Boeing and the Airlines.

The plan is to release only four new models each month. Therefore, you can collect with confidence, with the assurance that they are available every month and there will be no compromise of quality for quantity.

As with other InFlight models, the 1:500 scale models are produced in limited quantities. Each standard production run will be 744 pieces for the worldwide market, which will make these models very collectible.

Currently models will be released for Boeing aircraft types 707-320, 737-200, 747-100/-200, 747-400, and 767-300, and the Ilyushin IL-76/976 /A-50 Mainstay. New tooling for the Inflight 500 model line is underway, and next year you should see new releases for other aircraft types too.

We like to think that we have listened to our collectors who say, “I wish I could see this in 1:500 scale metal die-cast.” Our Collectors are speaking out, and we are listening.

 

 

 

Aviation Safety and the FAA Story

(This is the first of two parts of the story about Aviation Safety and the role of the Federal Aviation Administration.)
 

It was hardly a typical morning on June 30, 1956, when United Airlines Flight 718, a Douglas DC-7 bound for Chicago, and TWA Flight 2, a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation bound for Kansas City, took off from Los Angeles within minutes of each other. For one thing, the usually clear weather was foggy. Then — from mechanical repairs to delayed departures to inadequate air traffic advisory to intervening cloud cover obstructing visibility — from the very beginning, things did not go as planned.

All of which ended in a mid-air collision at around 21,000 feet over the Grand Canyon in Arizona, killing all 128 aboard both planes. 

Public reaction and outcry over the worst air disaster to date called for an overhaul of the existing safety standards. Coincidentally, a Congressional committee had been formed to review the state of air traffic, and a topic tabled for discussion was the large number of near collisions occurring as a consequence of the outdated and overtaxed air traffic control system.

Given the rising popularity of air travel, the subsequent increase in air traffic, and the coming of the jet age to commercial aviation, the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 was passed, and this led to the formation of the Federal Aviation Agency, an independent body that would oversee the regulation and safety of civil aviation.


Part 1:  History of Aviation Safety
 

Before the Agency, aviation regulation and safety evolved as a byproduct of the process of building a reliable airmail delivery system. The Post Office had supported airmail since the early days, but without government funding, there were no regularly scheduled routes and local post offices contracted for airmail delivery as needed.

1918 was the watershed year, when Congress appropriated $100,000 to establish the first regularly scheduled airmail service between Washington, DC, and New York. The launch ceremony on May 15, 1918, where everything that could go wrong did indeed go wrong amidst much pomp and publicity, could have spelled the end of airmail service. Nevertheless, the Post Office held fast and continued to use both Army and civilian pilots to fly the mail.

Aviation in the early years was hazardous and many air mail pilots lost life and limb. Armed with a simple compass and, maybe, a map or handwritten instructions, pilots flew in open cockpit airplanes and literally faced the vagaries of the weather.

Much of the flying was at 200-500 feet above ground so that they could navigate by sight of buildings and roads and railway tracks, and at times 50 feet or less during inclement weather. Crashes, into natural and manmade structures and into the terrain, were not uncommon.

May 15,1918, the mail is dropped to the ground below.
Courtesy of www.centennialofflight.gov.
Credits - © 2001 National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution (Neg No. A-48455-A)

On February 20, 1921, Post Office published the Transcontinental Air Mail Pilot's Log, a collection of pilots' notes written in their little black books—recording distances, landmarks, compass bearings, and emergency and regular landing fields along the mail route between San Francisco and New York.

This was the forerunner to the modern system of printed navigation aids. The publication coincided with another much-publicized event planned to demonstrate the potential of airmail—an all-air cross country test whereby the pilots would fly day and night.

Dawn of Night Flying


 

At first, transcontinental airmail was carried by air for part of the way, then loaded onto railcars for the overnight leg of the journey, and reloaded into airplanes in the morning. The mix of air and rail reduced the mail delivery time to 78 hours, from the 108 hours travelling by rail only.

In the all-air cross country test of February 22, 1921, by flying day and night, the journey from San Francisco to New York was made in 33 hours and 20 minutes! Actual flying time was only 25 hours and 16 minutes, with an average speed of 104 m.p.h. over 2,629 miles.

James H. “Jack” Knight was the hero of this event, flying the eastbound mail from North Platte, Nebraska to Chicago, Illinois -- 830 miles through the night, in the bitter cold of winter. A snowstorm had stranded two of the relay pilots in Chicago, and the westbound mail had been relinquished to the railway. Jack, who had never been east of Omaha, realized he was the only pilot still in the air with the mail, and he was determined to make it to Chicago.
 

In all, seven pilots carried the mail in this cross-country test. Pilot W. F. Lewis crashed and died after take-off in Elko, Nevada.

Only two pilots flew in the night. Frank Yeager took off from Cheyenne, Wyoming, as night fell, and cracked the tailskid of his plane when he landed in North Platte, Nebraska. Jack repaired the plane and took off three hours later, flying the rest of the way and stopping in Omaha and Iowa City.

By then, 10 radio stations were in operation, so the pilots were able to receive timely weather information. To guide them in the dark, they relied on bonfires and flares lit by postal workers and farmers, who waited for them along the route across Nebraska, Iowa and Illinois.

The historic event made nationwide headlines, and also made the case for transcontinental airmail service. The route later became the backbone for the transcontinental lighted airways.

The transcontinental airmail route from New York to San Francisco opened August 20, 1920. Intermediate stops were at Bellefonte, Pennsylvania; Cleveland, Ohio; Bryan, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois; Iowa City, Iowa; Omaha, Nebraska; North Platte, Nebraska; Cheyenne, Wyoming; Rawlins, Wyoming; Rock Springs, Wyoming; Salt Lake City, Utah; Elko, Nevada; and Reno, Nevada. Flights were made only in daylight; railcars carried the mail through the night until daylight, when another plane would take over. Courtesy of www.centennialofflight.gov, credits FAA.
 

Building the Airways

The success of the all-air cross-country test gave momentum to improving all air routes and increasing pilot safety, and substantial gains were seen within nine months.

Flashing beacon lamps or searchlights on towers were mounted at 10 to 30 miles intervals along the air routes used for night flying. Airplanes that carried mail had parachute flares installed in the undercarriage to provide light for emergency landings. More radio stations sprang up across the country along air routes.

July of 1922 marked the first time the Air Mail Service had completed one year of service without a fatal accident, and for the achievement, the service was awarded the Collier Trophy in February 1923.

1924 saw the beginning of regularly scheduled all-air transcontinental airmail service, with pilots flying day and night as relay teams. In addition to the compass, they used the gyroscope to help them keep the plane level, and the altimeter to tell them if they were climbing or descending. The transcontinental airway was improved with rotating beacons and brightly lit emergency landing fields along the way.

Within a year, the service between New York and San Francisco was routinely completed within 34 hours.

 

Low frequency radio range (LFR), also known as 4-course radio range, could provide guidance even when poor visibility made light beacons useless.

By comparing two coded signals generated by an LFR, pilots could tell whether they were drifting to the left or right of an airway. When flying on course, the two signals merged into a single tone. This range in Northway, Alaska, was operational until 1974.

Courtesy of www.faa.gov (National Archives photo).

 
 

Beacons like this were used to guide pilots flying in the night. Each was visible for 10 miles and, placed about 3 miles apart, they formed a continuous path along the route between Chicago and Cheyenne, Wyoming. Courtesy of www.centennialofflight.gov.

 


The Air Mail Act of 1925 authorized the Post Office to contract for domestic airmail service with commercial air carriers. It took flying out of the hands of the Post Office and made it commercial.

The Air Mail Act of 1930 fueled the trend toward larger airplanes so that airlines, whether or not they carried mail, could still make money by carrying passengers. Postmaster general Walter Brown took aggressive steps to influence the airline industry, not just to buy larger aircraft powered by more than one engine and equipped with 2-way radios and navigation aids, but also to consolidate and form larger airline companies.

His actions were questioned on issues of legality, and all mail contracts were cancelled in February 1934. The Army Air Corp were charged with flying the mail, but within one month, 12 army pilots had died in 66 crashes, and the cost of flying the mail had quadrupled.

The Air Mail Act of 1934 reinstated bidding for airmail contracts, but also served to break the larger holding companies that had ownership in both airline carriers and aircraft manufacturing. Despite the bidding war, airlines with larger planes were able to make up the deficit by carrying passengers too. Without the airmail contracts, though, the airlines would not have been able to survive.

Aviation and the Department of Commerce

Advocates of the aviation industry had always been convinced that if air travel was to reach its full potential, safety was the crucial determining factor, and safety standards could be improved and maintained only with the involvement of the U.S. Federal government.

Their efforts brought about the Air Commerce Act of 1926, which gave the government responsibility for fostering air commerce, establishing airways and aids to air navigation, and making and enforcing safety rules. The government would fund air navigation facilities that would make air routes safer to fly, day and night.

This Act is the cornerstone of the Federal government’s regulation of civil aviation, and the Department of Commerce created an Aeronautics Branch under the leadership of William P. MacCracken, Jr., to manage this function.

By then, contract carriers were flying most of the airmail, and in 1927, the transcontinental route was divided into two segments, with the Chicago-San Francisco segment awarded to the Boeing Airplane Company and the Chicago-New York segment to National Air Transport (predecessor of United Airlines).

All airfields on mail routes were handed over to the local government, except for the major mail centers of San Francisco, Omaha, and Chicago. The Department of Commerce took over responsibility for the lighted airways, improved radio communications, and introduced radio beacons.

When completed in January 1929, the airways comprised hundreds of light beacons and towers; 95 emergency landing fields, each at approximately 50-mile intervals along the route, and 17 radio stations to provide weather information.

The standard beacon tower was 51 feet high, topped with a powerful rotating light. Below the rotating light, two course lights pointed forward and back along the airway, and flashed a code to identify the beacon's number.

The tower usually stood in the center of a concrete arrow 70 feet long. A generator shed, where required, stood at the "feather" end of the arrow.

These beacon towers were located approximately 10 miles apart.

Courtesy www.faa.gov.

The Bureau of Air Commerce

In 1934, the Aeronautics Branch was renamed the Bureau of Air Commerce to reflect its importance. The airlines were encouraged to establish air traffic control (ATC) in three centers along the airways, then the Bureau took over and expanded the number of ATC centers to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling along the same routes.

The Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 created the Civil Aeronautics Authority, a new independent agency that would take on the federal civil aviation responsibilities from the Department of Commerce. The function was expanded to include regulation of airfares and the routes the air carriers would serve.

In 1940, the Authority split into two agencies and moved back into the Department of Commerce.

The Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) was responsible for air traffic control, airman and aircraft certification, safety enforcement, and airway development.

The Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) was responsible for safety rulemaking, accident investigation, and economic regulation of the airlines, and the CAB functioned independently of the Department Secretary.

As regularly scheduled day and night service became common and air passenger traffic increased, passenger comfort and safety also became greater concerns for the airline industry. New aircraft were introduced that were designed to carry both mail and passengers. Heating and cooling were added.Longer distance journeys became easier to fly, as dual flight instruments allowed for a co-pilot and the Sperry Gyroscope automatic pilot kept the plane on a given course at a given height and speed.

The CAA instituted air traffic control for takeoffs and landings in airports, in preparation for the U.S. entry into WWII, and this became permanent after the war. The use of radar improved the ATC function.

VOR (Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range) technology was developed during WWII. The VOR enabled the pilots of instrument-equipped planes to determine their position more efficiently.

The Civil Aeronautics Administration commissioned the first VOR in 1947, and three years later opened the first "Victor" airways based on chains of the facilities.

Modernized versions still guide pilots to their destinations.

VOR (Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range) developed during the war was commissioned for civil aviation. In 1950 the first "Victor" airways facilities opened.

After the war in 1946, the CAA was entrusted with administering the federal-aid airport program, aimed at promoting the development of the nation’s civil airports.

In restrospect, it is clear that the Federal government — acting through the U.S. Postal Department and the Department of Commerce — essentially funded and guided the growth of the aviation industry.

The cash subsidies created business opportunities and encouraged enterprise. The airways, landing fields, and facilities were the infrastructure for air routes. All these laid the foundation for a robust industry while providing the structure for the regulation of aviation safety.



(Aviation Safety and the FAA Story will continue in the next issue of this Newsletter with Part Two: Aviation Safety Today.)

 

 


Test Yourself . . .

Can You Recognize It?

Can you name this aircraft type?

Answer at end of newsletter.

Can you name this airline?

Answer at end of newsletter.


 

The Aviators' Sonnet

 
 
 

High Flight

Oh! I have slipped the surly bonds of earth

And danced the skies on laughter-silvered wings;

Sunward I've climbed, and joined the tumbling mirth

Of sun-split clouds—and done a hundred things

You have not dreamed of—wheeled and soared and swung

High in the sunlit silence. Hov'ring there,

I've chased the shouting wind along, and flung

My eager craft through footless halls of air.

Up, up the long, delirious, burning blue

I've topped the wind-swept heights with easy grace

Where never lark, or even eagle flew—

And, while with silent lifting mind I've trod

The high untrespassed sanctity of space,

Put out my hand and touched the face of God.

John Gillespie Magee, Jr.

 



No one has captured the experience of flying as vividly as 19-year old Pilot Officer John Gillespie Magee, Jr., in this sonnet composed while in flight. He sent the poem written on the back of a letter to his parents, dated September 3, 1941, which said, “I am enclosing a verse I wrote the other day. It started at 30,000 feet, and was finished soon after I landed.”

Magee was born June 9, 1922, in Shanghai, China, where his American father and English mother were missionaries and he learned to speak Chinese before English. Educated at Rugby school in England, he moved to the U.S. in 1939 and attended Avon Old Farms School in Connecticut, where he earned a scholarship to Yale. Instead, he chose to join the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) in October 1940.

After graduating as a pilot, he was sent to Britain in July 1941, where he flew in a Spitfire squadron. He was killed in a crash while on a routine training mission on December 11, 1941, three months after writing his now famous sonnet.

Magee’s parents lived in Washington, DC, at the time of his death, and his father, who was pastor of the Episcopalian Church, included the poem in church publications.

It came to the attention of Librarian of Congress Archibald MacLeish, who acclaimed Magee the first poet of the War, and included the sonnet in an exhibition of poems of “faith and freedom” at the Library of Congress in February 1942.

High Flight has been widely reprinted and quoted. It serves as the official poem of the RCAF and RAF. The RCAF distributed the poem on plaques to all airfields and training stations.

In the 1960s U.S. television stations used a reading of the poem as their sign-off before the national anthem, at the end of their broadcast day.

The poem is eloquent for our heroes who are now silent. President Ronald Reagan quoted from it in his address to the nation following the space shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986. The first and last lines are part of many headstones in Arlington National Cemetery.

Under scrutiny, elements of High Flight bear some resemblance to several other literary works of that time. Yet it is Magee’s poem that speaks for the aviator’s heart and mind, evoking the sensation of joy, freedom, and awe in flight.

"High Flight" exhibit at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio.
(U.S. Air Force photo) 



Third Quarter 2006 New Arrivals

Flight Miniature Models

Flight Miniatures arrivals include two snap-fit models that are new and three that are back in stock.

The new the Lufthansa A340-300 model, which arrived in July, features many printed detail improvements and a different registration, compared to our previous production of this model.

The first of the new (revised – again) FedEx models arrived in September, the FedEx MD-11. In late 2005 FedEx Express made a revision to its logotype, changing the font used for “Express” and the font used for “The World On Time.” Both font changes have been incorporated into the new FedEx livery along with some other improved details.

The rest of the FedEx models in the new livery will be arriving over time. As a note, we do not intend to produce any more FedEx models in the old 2000–2005 livery.

Back in stock models include the 777-200 and 747-400 in the new Boeing Demo colors and the current livery Delta 777-200.

On final approach and due to arrive in the fourth quarter are AirTran 717-200 and 737-700 in new colors, Southwest 737-700 in the Maryland livery, and Boeing Business Jet 737-700 in new colors.


InFlight 200 Models

The arrival traffic for InFlight 200 models include four new models, one of which is the first release from their new 737-200 tooling.

July arrivals included two classic Continental DC-9-32 models, one with the “Black Meatball” livery and the other with “Red Meatball” livery. Now if we can just find an airline with a spaghetti livery!

September brought in a pair from Pan Am, and you thought they were out of service.

The Pan Am 737-200 arrived with some pre-order publicity while the Pan Am Cargo 747-100F arrived in the manner of most freighters—without any fanfare—and as with most freighters, we are glad to have them.

On final approach and due to arrive in October are American Airlines 737-200, Lufthansa 737-200 (blue cheatline), Lufthansa 737-200 (polished fuselage), South African Airways 737-200, and the first 727-200 model from InFlight 200, CP Air 727-200.


Sky Guardians Models

Then, 25 new models in the Sky Guardians line came in at the end of September. These include three new aircraft types — the Grumman F-14 Tomcat, Sukhoi SU-27, and Hawker Sea Fury.

We will get the photos into our Flight Miniatures web store as soon as we can process them, so please continue to visit our site. (See the story below, "More About Sky Guardians Die-cast Models," for information about this line of models.)


New Model Line—Inflight 500

As if that is not enough, we have also added another die-cast line! (See our Feature article at top.) We are offering Inflight 500 models in our fleet—a high quality 1:500 scale die-cast metal model line, with 4 models already available.

If you like your models small, Inflight 500 is for you—yet another reason to continue visiting our web site!




Lufthansa

Airbus A340-3001:200 scale
AB-34030H-023

FedEx

McDonnell Douglas MD-111:200 scale
MD-01100H-030


 

Continental "Black Meatball"

DC-9-321:200 scale
A012-IF932003


Continental "Red Meatball"

DC-9-321:200 scale
A012-IF932002

Pan Am

Boeing 737-2001:200 scale
A012-IF732006

Pan Am Cargo

Boeing 747-100F1:200 scale
A012-IF742002




Boeing Demo

Boeing 777-200 • 1:200 scale
BO-77720H-029

Boeing Demo

Boeing 747-400 • 1:200 scale
BO-74740H-017

Delta

Boeing 777-200 • 1:200 scale
BO-77720H-023



More About Sky Guardians Die-Cast Models

The year 2006 brought some changes to the line of products we have available through our Flight Miniatures web store. In April, we introduced InFlight 200, a new line of high-end, 1:200 scale, die-cast airliner models, that complement our line of affordable snap-fit Flight Miniatures models, comprising mainly airliner models and a small selection of military models.
 

We continue to stretch our boundaries by incorporating a larger assortment of military models. In the past, our military models were available in a limited range. We wanted to find a way to expand on this model line. The answer came with the Sky Guardians, a line of 1:72 scale, metal die-cast models, featuring aircraft from the WWII era and modern jet fighters.
 

 

The models are exceptionally well-crafted, both in the model tooling as well as the printing details. These models are first class, but available at an affordable price.

These are some highlight features of Sky Guardians models:

 

Realistic surface details, including selected moving control surfaces.

 

Highly detailed armament.

 

All markings are precision printed directly on the surface (no decals).

 

Permanently extended landing gear with rotating wheels.

Here are

some models with unique aircraft markings:


 

 
 

 

Are You A Collector?
Do You Have A Story To Tell?

We'd Love To Hear From You!
 

Digital photos can be emailed.
Hard copies should be mailed and will be returned on request.



Most Popular Models

Third Quarter 2006

Our Top Model List will now be in two segments, to reflect the Top Five Most Popular Die-cast Models and the Top Five Most Popular Snap-fit Models for the previous quarter.

So, drum roll please, as we announce the most popular models for July – September 2006:
 

Top Die-cast Models:
Top Snap-fit Models:
 
 

Pan Am “Clipper Frankfurt” N389PA
Boeing 737-200
1:200 scale • A012-IF732006

 
 

Boeing Demo (68-81) "Milestone Series"
Boeing 727-200

1:200 scale • ABO-72720H-040

 
 

United (1969) N8967U Mainliner
Douglas DC-8-62
1:200 scale • A012-IF80014

 
 

Southwest (01-Cur) - with winglets
Boeing 737-700w

1:100 scale • ABO-73770H-018

 
 

USAF (2002) 71-0876
Douglas
DC-9-32A/VC-9A
1:200 scale • A012-IF932001

 
 

Pan Am (69-74)
Boeing 747-100

1:200 scale • ABO-74710H-003

 
 

Pan Am (1976) "Clipper Fortune" N658PA
Boeing 747-200
1:200 scale • A012-IF742002

 
 

Hawaiian (01-Cur)
Boeing 717-200

1:200 scale • ABO-71720H-002

 
 

Delta (1970) N9898
Boeing 747-100
1:200 scale • A012-IF741009

 
 

Delta (69-97) - Historic Livery Series
Boeing 747-100

1:200 scale • ABO-74710H-009

 

 
Name Game Answers:
Airline: Eastern Airlines (Bonus: aircraft type - Douglas DC-3)
Aircraft Type: Airbus A320
 
DISCLAIMER: The contents of this Newsletter are sourced from a variety of web sites and compiled for the express purpose of providing general information and entertainment only. Since we cannot confirm the accuracy of all source materials, Genesis Worldwide Enterprises disclaims any responsibility for the validity of the information presented. In the event of any possibly misleading information or misrepresentation, we extend our apologies; no offense was intended, we hope none is taken. Any mention of any airline, company, individual or product is not intended as an endorsement of any kind.

Trademarks: Flight Miniatures products, other products and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners. Any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved.


© 2002-2006 Genesis Worldwide Enterprises, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Date posted this issue: October 2, 2006